At its core, the unconscious creates images to symbolize things about ourselves about which we’re mostly unconscious so that we’ll become more aware of these inner factors over time and through this, we can learn to act in a more balanced, well-rounded way.
So most dreams that contain people (some of whom we recognize from outer life) are images of parts of ourselves as based on analogies with outer people and how they act. A few dreams which contain people we know are about the actual people and our relationships with them. Some dreams are a combination of both.
The psyche wants a balance to be maintained between our conscious ego life and unconscious functions, just like the body is always automatically balancing out physical states like temperature, water content, hunger etc. etc.
For example, blind spots about attitude, character and the personality in general are pictured by how the Dream Characters act in order to make the dreamer conscious of such traits which could potentially slow self-development of the overall personality too much.
The dream-ego also reveals the state of certain parts of the unconscious, and it’s important to notice if the dream-ego is the dreamer as a child, youth or as being older than the dreamer’s current age.
Dream Characters also can include monsters, giants, dwarfs, half human/half animals, angels etc., usually indicating that what the dream is describing tends to be very unconscious in the individual.
More specifically, a Dream Character can symbolize the opposite side of the conscious ego of the dreamer. For example, if the dreamer is too extroverted, the dream image of a person could represent the mostly ignored introverted side which needs to be paid more attention to. Or if the dreamer is too intellectual in his or her approach, then a Dream Character which represents the state of his/her probably undeveloped values and emotional side would appear in order to compensate a too narrow outlook. Similarly, faults and failings of the dreamer can appear in the form of “disreputable” people who can act in a “disgusting” or “disruptive” way. Often if clothes and appearance are noticeably unusual or emphasized in some way, this could represent how the dreamer looks to other people, probably meant to suggest that some kind of adjustment is needed in how the person presents himself or herself to others.
Being a self-regulating system beyond the ego’s actual control, the unconscious has various types of Dream Characters appear and disappear as often as required, based on the urgency related to the ego’s need to re-balance something which might be tending to get out of control.
Getting in touch with these inner figures is described in such books as Robert Johnson’s “Inner Work”, as well as in Mary Watkins’s “Invisible Guests” and “Waking Dreams”. Another book, “Imaginal Figures in Everyday Life: Stories from The World between Matter and Mind” by Mary Harrell, is also very good.
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