Quote:
The critical faculty
A part of your mind has the job of “reality testing, “ that is, determining whether stimuli are of internal or external origin. Oliver Fox called this critical reflective system “the critical faculty” and he regarded it as typically “asleep” in ordinary dreams. He also believed this fac*ulty to be fundamental to the attainment of lucidity. In order to become lucid in a dream, wrote Fox:
... we must arouse the critical faculty which seems to a great extent inoperative in dreams, and here, too, degrees of activity become manifest. Let us suppose, for example, that in my dream I am in a cafe. At a table near mine is a lady who would be very attractive—only, she has four eyes. Here are some illustrations of these degrees of activity of the critical faculty:
(1) In the dream it is practically dormant, but on waking I have the feeling that there was something peculiar about this lady. Suddenly, I get it—“Why, of course, she had four eyes!”
(2) In the dream I exhibit mild surprise and say, “How curious that girl has four eyes! It spoils her.” But only in the same way that I might remark, “What a pity she had broken her nose! I wonder how she did it.”
(3) The critical faculty is more awake and the four eyes are regarded as abnormal; but the phe*nomenon is not fully appreciated. I exclaim, “Good Lord!” and then reassure myself by adding, “There must be a freak show or a circus in the town.” Thus I hover on the brink of realization, but do not quite get there.
(4) My critical faculty is now fully awake and refuses to be satisfied by this explanation. I con*tinue my train of thought, “But there never was such a freak! An adult woman with four eyes—it’s impossible. I am dreaming.”1
The challenge, then, is how to activate the critical faculty before bed so that it remains sufficiently primed to func*tion properly when it is needed to explain some strange occurrence in a dream.
Paul Tholey has recently derived several techniques for inducing lucid dreams from over a decade of research in*volving more than two hundred subjects. Tholey claims that an effective method for achieving lucidity (especially for be*ginners) is to develop a “critical-reflective attitude” toward your state of consciousness. This is done by asking yourself whether or not you are dreaming while you are awake. He stresses the importance of asking the “critical question” (“Am I dreaming or not?”) as frequently as possible, at least five to ten times a day, and in every situation that seems dreamlike. The importance of asking the question in dream*like situations is that in lucid dreams the critical question is usually asked in situations similar to those in which it was asked during the day. Asking the question at bedtime and while falling asleep is also favorable. We have incorporated these hints into the following adaptation of Tholey’s reflec*tion technique.[/b]