Do you take prescription medications or OTC medications within 6 or so hours of going to bed? A majority of all, if not all drugs commonly used over the counter or prescribed as sleep aids can not only give you strange or vivid dreams, but they're more often than not terrifying or otherwise negative on top of that. Psychiatric medications of any kind also commonly cause these kinds of experiences.
Depending on the person, one's personal body chemistry and how sensitive they are to the drugs or supplements they're taking can often cause sleep disturbances beyond overly negative or terrifying dreams, like sleep walking (alternatively at times it can cause a trance-like state of diminished awareness accompanied with delusions and hallucinations until someone or something causes you to snap out of it), night terrors, and experiencing recurrent episodes of sleep paralysis or sudden feelings of impending doom, terror, and the sense of an evil, malevolent presence in the room with harmful intent. The latter set of symptoms often accompanies episodes of sleep paralysis, but is quite capable of being experienced separately from it--typically during the onset of sleep.
For instance, I used to be prescribed trazodone, which would either cause me bouts of sleep paralysis or to stay conscious through the onset of REM Atonia nearly every time I took it. Now, I'm prescribed a nerve pain medication called gabapentin, and if I happen to take it with a first-generation antihistamine (the common two are diphenhydramine, which is benadryl. ZZZQuil, and one of two formulations of Unisom, or doxylamine, which is in Sominex or the other formulation of Unisom) within 3-4 hours of going to bed, it's not uncommon for it to cause multiple episodes of either onset sleep paralysis, or the aformentioned symptoms usually accompanying SP, but in this case is more often from it. Right as I'm on the precipice of drifting off to sleep, I'll suddenly feel a powerful sense of dread and malaise, if not outright terror, because I sense some menacing evil presence with intent to harm me in the room.
Actually, now that I think about it, more often than not I actually do wind up stuck in sleep paralysis when that happens. I just so happen to experience SP upon waking up as well as remaining awake through the onset of REM Atonia quite regularly despite not having tried to purposefully LD in over 8 years... and normally I enjoy the experience or at the very least I'm not frightened during it. Usually I can force myself to move if I really want to, so even if it is a bit scary I can usually force my way out of it. Given how regularly I experience SP/REM Atonia it doesn't particularly stand out to me if I experience it, so I just now realized upon reflecting on the last experience I had from taking gabapentin and diphenhydramine together that not only does it occur several times as I'm falling asleep, but the drugs actually impair my ability to successfully will myself to move and break out of SP. It often feels like the effort/strength of the signals to move that I normally have to put in is dwarfed by how much I really have to struggle to make myself move. It's like while I'm communicating with my body, I've only got a megaphone and my body is off on some far off distant shore across from the bay I happen to find myself located at. It seems like my body can hear that I'm trying to say something, but it can't tell what it is.
Anyway, I've digressed... a lot. Even sleep aids sold as nutritional supplements and are mild on the body can cause sleep disturbances significant enough that the disturbances themselves form a bit of a positive feedback loop and cause the systems that control your sensory perception to get all out of whack. The consciousness and sensory binding circuit in the brain is basically a loop stemming up from the brain stem, through the thalamus, and then to the outer cortical structures, with there being networks that allow for two-way communication between the thalamus and the cortical regions connected by those networks. This is the basis for the feedback mechanisms that allow for sensory signals being projected from the sensory organs to their respective cortical regions. The thalamus gates the information being sent back to it from said cortical regions as it collects all the data and chooses what processed signals it will project to the sensory binding pathways in order to construct our final unified model of reality and conscious experience.
Basically, the brain is always generating internal signal "noise" as a matter of course from normal brain processes/function. The sensory signals coming in from their respective organs while in a normal waking state of consciousness are neural oscillations (brainwaves) that oscillate at a regular frequency that lies somewhere around 40hz, and the cortical regions that receive these projections synchronize with these oscillations, resulting in brainwave coherence. This essentially binds or glues the the networks responsible for this synchronization to the input of these signals, which essentially "blocks out" the naturally, ever-occurring signal patterns that would otherwise introduce "noise" into the the neural oscillation patterns being sent to and from the sensory organs and associated cortical regions as well as the thalamus. When the process of this brainwave synchronization is interrupted or otherwise impaired, the signal noise introduced to the sensory signals winds up being interpreted by the brain as faulty, anomalous sensory perceptions. You consciously experience this as hallucinations and/or delusions.
While the brain goes to sleep or is dreaming, it is experiencing an altered state of conscious not unlike what can be experienced from taking drugs, inducing sensory deprivation, inducing a trance or hypnosis, or extended levels of sleep deprivation. That's why hallucinations and delusions are common during SP and while both drifting off to and waking up from sleep, because the transition from a normal alert, awake state of consciousness to hypnagogia, hypnopomia, sleeping, and dreaming isn't immediate and not all parts of the brain transition as fast as others. I mean, sometimes experiencing SP or sensations of being grabbed, etc. on a regular basis can be the sign of something abnormal and unhealthy going on with the body or the brain, like hormone regulation issues, etc. But, it seems like getting involved in Lucid Dreaming seems to increase the likelihood of experiencing these things more often than would be expected of somebody who hasn't heard of LDing or has never tried. I personally never experienced SP or stayed conscious through REM Atonia before LDing, and I have to have had it happen more than 100 times now since I got into LDing 12 years ago... and like I said, I haven't even actively tried to LD in over 8 years.
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