Actually, "Anxiety Dream" is the clinical term for a nightmare, as differentiated from a night terror, or "Incubus Nightmare." (when you wake up screaming, and may still think something is happening to you even after you wake up, then fall asleep again suddenly with no recollection of the occurence. These usually stop before puberty, if they happen at all.)
as far as becomming lucid, it has been my experince that the same rules apply as any other dream. If it's a recurring nightmare, it could even be easier, sinc eyou might just suddenly remember it's a dream.
As far as negative emotions that remain after waking, that just depends on whether what happened in the dream was genuinely disturbing, to the extent that you wouldn't want to be exposed to it again. (ie: you were covered in bees or scorpions, or found yourself in the middle of a horrific battle and saw a lot of people horribly killed, both of which have happned to me.) On the other hand, if it was something that either A: you realize shouldn't be scary when you wake up (you dreamed that you were utterly horrified to find yourself ankle-deep in lukewarm water) B: something that doesn't scare you badly enough on a personal level to be really afraid of going back to it (you were being chased by a dog, let' say. nobody really likes that, but unless you have a phobia of dogs, it wouldn't be a big deal after the fact) or C: it's the type of nightmare where once you wake up, the immediate sensation is releif (Oh, thank GHAWD that was just a dream! Blanking out on your final exams, showing up somewhere important naked, hell, just taking your final exams are classic examples.)
Psychologists often use lucid dreaming as a treatment for anxiety dreams, however, the DSM-IV does not offer any information on attaining lucidity that is specifically applicable to this type of dream.
Personally, I would recomend making a habit of Reality Checks every time the patient felt upset for any reason during the day, which would hopefully establish a pattern that would coincide with that type of dream in a more specific way.
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