It depends on what I am drawing. I draw differently if I am drawing from from live subject matter, source material like photographs, or just doodling.
Which kind of drawing do you mean?
Lets take a classic charcoal drawing from a live subject like a still life. First, I will look at the subject, imagine a frame around it the same dimensions as my paper. I will use this to decide on a composition and layout for the page. I will then sketch out a few marks with charcoal to give me reference points I can work from. I will maybe draw in a few major lines, or a prominent shape. I try to make sure I have some lines that run into the edges of the paper. I then sketch in all the major lines and shapes, working the whole page at once, and not getting too focused on any one spot. If the composition looks alright, I will proceed with drawing .
I will look at the subject, and let my eyes unfocus, so it looks blurry. This helps me figure out the major tones, so I can lay down some charcoal on the page. I work the whole page in black and white high contrast first. I then work in to the mid values. Again, I work the whole page, jumping around to all areas to keep everything balanced.
I always develop the drawing in the same order. First, I try to get the forms represented. Then, I will go over the forms and darken/ lighten according to how the light falls. Once the shapes and shadows are represented as smooth and plastic looking, I will come in and add texture to the materials. I will end by adding minor shadows and hilights.
I lay down the dark areas by scribbling with a soft willow charcoal, leaving the dust and crumbs piled up. I can then smear the crumbs around with my finger to make them darker, or push them out the edges to get gradations in value. If it is too dark, I use a kneaded eraser to lift out some charcoal. I use fat and thin blending sticks to work the details. I cut an eraser into small pieces to give me sharp edges on my hilights. If I need a broad even tone over a large area, I use a loaded chamois to paint it on. This keeps it from streaking or scratching the paper.
I rarely use a charcoal pencil, but sometimes I need it to get fine detail on something, or to really push an area to super dark.
Spray it. Photograph it. Frame it. Sell it!
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