What we must understand is that it hasn't been determine nor was it ever clear that an unconditional Japanese surrender was impossible, especially if Russia had entered the war before the bombing. Because Russia officially declared war on Japan on August 8, two days after the destruction of Hiroshima. Turman was afraid that the Soviet's attempt to dominate the postwar Asian order as it had the Eastern European, So Truman basically ordered the bombing to force Japan's surrender before Russia had the chance to enter the fray (and thus earn the right to affect the peace settlement).
Even though most of the survivors, are long gone. The effects, though—the lingering scourge of radiation, the memory of the ghastly civilian casualties, the psychological impact of distruction on that type of level will never be forgotten for generations to come.
I want you all to fest your eyes on the below Statement. Regardless if the bombings saved lives or not the destruction and effects are incomparable to any other form of desctruction in human history including 9/11.
Instantaneous, Indiscriminate Slaughter of the Atomic Bombing
During the Deposition to the ICJ
At 8:15 a.m. on August 6, 1945, the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima exploded 580 meters above the heart of the city.
The bomb used a single kilogram of uranium 235 to produce energy equivalent to 15 kilotons of TNT. A B29, the world's largest bomber in 1945, carried a maximum payload of five tons of TNT in conventional weapons. Thus, the atomic bomb was the equivalent of subjecting Hiroshima to an instantaneous attack by more than 3,000 B29s. An intense flash of light and blast flooded the city center. With the roar that followed, enormous pillars of flame burst toward the skies; a majority of buildings crumbled and many people died or were injured.
The unique characteristic of the atomic bombing was that the enormous destruction was instantaneous and universal. Old, young, male, female, soldier, civilian - the killing was utterly indiscriminate. The entire city was exposed to the compound and devastating effects of thermal rays, shock wave and blast, and radiation.
I will describe first the damage caused by the thermal rays. At the epicenter, the Hiroshima bomb generated heat that reached several million degrees centigrade. The fireball was about 280 meters in diameter; the thermal rays emanating from it are thought to have instantly charred any human being outdoors near the hypocenter. In some documented cases, clothing burst into flames at a distance of two kilometers from the hypocenter. Many fires ignited simultaneously throughout the city. The entire city was reduced to charcoal and ashes.
The shock wave and blast also caused great damage. At the epicenter, the fireball generated a state of super-pressure reaching several hundred thousand atmospheres and an enormously powerful shock wave. This shock wave struck directly, but inflicted even greater damage when it ricocheted off the ground and buildings.
Following the initial shock wave was an extremely powerful blast wind estimated at 440 meters per second (nearly 1,000 mph) at the hypocenter. People were lifted and carried through the air by this blast. All wooden buildings within a radius of about two kilometers collapsed; many well beyond that distance were damaged badly.
The blast and thermal rays combined to totally burn or collapse approximately 70 percent of the 76,327 dwellings in Hiroshima at the time. The rest were partially destroyed, half-burnt or damaged. To say that the entire city was instantly devastated is no exaggeration.
There was also radiation damage. Immediately after the explosion the area was bathed in high levels of initial radiation, that is, gamma and neutron rays. Within a radius of about one kilometer of the hypocenter, nearly everyone who suffered full body exposure to four gray of radiation or more died.
Those who managed to survive initially soon succumbed to the late effects of radiation (also called aftereffects). Even today, thousands of people struggle daily with the curse of illness caused by that radiation. Many not directly exposed to the bomb approached the hypocenter to offer help, and many of those sickened or died due to residual radiation.
On that day, there were approximately 350,000 people in Hiroshima. The city government presently estimates that some 140,000 had died by the end of December 1945. However, in many cases entire families were wiped out.
The local community was in disarray. Records were lost to fire. Nor was any thorough survey done at the time. Thus, even today we have no truly accurate casualty figures.
Among the dead were many Koreans, Chinese, students from throughout Asia, and even a few American prisoners of war.
Takashi Hiraoka, Mayor of Hiroshima
|
|
Bookmarks