8
FACING THE DOUBLE (4,321words)
Wherever you happen to be, imagine yourself as clearly as possible as being a short distance away from where you actually are.
If you are sitting in a chair then imagine that your dreaming self is standing a few feet in front of you, facing your current position and looking right back at you.
Alternately, you may imagine that your energetic self is floating with legs crossed a few feet behind you at shoulder height and is looking over your shoulder. Whatever you see or hear should take just a moment longer to react to as the information must travel first to your ephemeral self who will then pull the strings to activate the puppet that is your physical body.
This meditation works to evoke a sort of dual awareness that is reminiscent of a scene from the works of Carlos Castaneda in which his teacher Don Juan explains that,
“..his double is dreaming him at the same time he is dreaming his double”.
In other words, if ever your dreaming self is looking down on your physical body asleep in bed, your physical body is also dreaming of you in return.
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For most persons lucid dreaming is a veiled faculty, an ability unknowingly possessed.
As it turns out this is the case for adults even more so than it is for children. Just as infants are born able to swim and then quickly forget how if the ability is not exercised, children are natural born lucid dreamers.
In a study by Deborah Armstrong-Hickey (from DeCastles ‘Our Dreaming Mind’) 63 percent of ten year olds average at least one lucid dream per month, 58 percent of eleven year olds, and 36 percent of twelve year olds…etc. It appears that the ability to both have and recall lucid dreams declines with age.
A survey by Jayne Gackenbach indicates that only 20 percent of adults average one lucid dream per month. Only 60 percent of the adult population claims to recall having had a lucid dream at least once in their life time (demonstrating that lucid dreams aren’t always remembered for any length of time since 63 percent of ten year olds were having at least one per month!)
For the purpose of these studies a ‘lucid dream’ was any dream in which there was even partial awareness of the dreaming state. Gackenbach also reports that approximately 13 percent of the dreams recorded the morning after in dream journals have lucid content. And so, if it is your goal to achieve dreaming lucidity then you may wish to work on improving dream recall by keeping a journal of your dreaming experiences. Just keep a pad and pen by the bed for when you awaken in the middle of the night or the wee hours of the morning.
You’ll notice that talking to yourself causes dreams and dream fragments to flee immediately from conscious recall. Clear your mind and stay lying down with your eyes closed, then ‘tickle as with a feather’ if you wish to remember. James R. Lewis, author of ‘The Dream Encyclopedia’ says, “Even people who remember their dreams every night only remember the last several dreams they had immediately before awakening. Dreams from the early and middle periods of sleep are permanently forgotten.” While I don’t agree with the ‘permanently’ part, he does bring up an interesting phenomena.
It is the case that later dreams are easier to recall.
It is also the case that dreams are stored in memory a bit differently than things that take place in the waking world. When, for example, we are recalling a story that we have been told (aside from major plot twists or the climax) it is a simple matter to picture the events as they unfolded from start to finish.
When attempting to recall a dream things somehow work in reverse. In order to remember approximately how a dream began it is usually necessary to begin at the end of the dream and then work your way backwards.
As for dreams being permanently forgotten… I can’t say how many times I have suddenly gained recall of a dream which took place years ago and that never before made it to conscious recall. I have also had dreams that took place years apart but which were identical in theme, scenery or location. Dreaming déjà vu is usually quite accurate.
Though lucid dreams are more likely to occur after a few hours of sleep, they may also occur during the first few hours of sleep or even immediately after the very first dream begins. It is more likely than not that almost every dream that you have ever had is somehow expressed in your long term memory, though normally available only to the subconscious mind.
If you decide to keep a dream journal consider keeping track of all things dream related.
From hypnagogic imagery (images and sounds that occur while passing from waking to sleeping)
to hypnopompic imagery (images and sounds that occur while passing from sleep and dreams to a state of of wakefullness).
From partially lucid dreams to fully lucid dreams.
From ordinary (self-created) dreams that you are able to recall to real dreams (in which there seem to be actual outside influences).
In order to gain lucid acuity, attempt especially to record instances in which you experience only partially lucid dreams. These are dreams in which you were at least temporarily aware of being a dreamer but had little control over the dreaming environment or your own actions.
While undertaking outlandish maneuvers (like flying or breathing under water or other actions not possible in a physical world) your movements may have been choppy or only moderately successful. You may find yourself settling for one outcome instead of another more preferable outcome. You may be unable to perform some action that you know you could (such as floating up to the clouds). It may take great effort to perform an action that you know could be easy. You may fly for a short duration and then find yourself falling.
These dreams are partially lucid because you have gained a measure of control, but are still facing a degree of opposition.
After recording these instances, resolve to conquer your inhibitions and to succeed where you may have faltered. From David Fontana’s book ‘The Secret Language of Dreams’,
“Lucid dreaming is achieved by an act of will, but not by an act of teeth-gritting determination. Like any creative activity, it is most readily achieved by a mind that is concentrated, motivated and persistent, but at the same time light and playful."
Whether or not your attempts at lucid dreaming meet with immediate or delayed success, keeping a dream journal will undoubtedly give you insight into your own personality. Dreams shed light on our hopes and fears, our noblest goals and our most base perversions. Even without lucid dreaming you will undoubtedly have both ordinary and real dreams. So long as you are able to recall them, they will reveal a wealth of information.
An example would be a particularly telling dream which was, for me, very real.
As if pulled from a scene out of Siddartha (the book), I was sitting cross-legged in a wooded locale next to a meandering river. A kindly looking shorter gentleman with a balding crown introduced himself to me and instructed me to choose one of his daughters at my leisure (and for my pleasure). The first woman stood before me smiling, she was blonde and easily the most attractive of the three. If I had to give her a name I would have called her ‘Beauty’. The second woman standing before me was brunette and held a dour smile. Her eyes shone with playful argument and reason, her name would have been ‘Intelligence’. The third woman had black hair and a slightly wild or unkempt look. She turned away from me and went to her hands and knees by the river urging me to mount. Her I would name ‘Animal Lust’.
Unlike Siddarth Guatama Buddha, I did not put my palm to the earth and dissipate the Maya Man and the illusion that was before me.
I chose the latter of the three women – and in doing so gained insight into my most personal self, a taste of my own true nature. (I am fond of women who are straight forward, somewhat animalistic, and don’t require me to make the first move. As an aside, for some reason, I don’t normally develop romantic feelings for a woman until I have dreamed of her!)
Carl Jung once wrote, “I want to know for what a man is preparing himself. This is what I read out of his dreams.”
Without lucid dreaming the subconscious mind will continue to plod toward wholeness, but with lucid dreaming you may be able to dance and fly toward fulfillment.
For Jung the dream is a,
“…meeting point between all that the individual had been in the past and all that the individual might be in the future.”
If willpower alone doesn’t seem to be doing the trick, you may wish to explore the potentials of self hypnosis. Self-hypnosis is a matter of mind-over-mind. When one person hypnotizes another the subject is implicitly agreeing to agree upon whatever the hypnotist says. They are also agreeing to do just about anything that the hypnotist suggests so long as it is within there power to do so. The person is, you might say, surrendering the better part of both their will and judgement to the hypnotist.
Selfhypnosis is a bit different in that you partition off a lesser part of yourself to give instructions while the greater portion of your being agrees implicitly to follow these instructions. While it may sound a bit like intentional schizophrenia, the technique may be useful in several different ways. The goal of selfhypnosis should be decided in advance such that once begun the greater portion of yourself may proceed as the subject rather than the hypnotist.
This ‘division of self’ is responsible for persons being able to localize pain such that a person skilled in self-hypnosis may undergo surgery without the need for anesthesia. Understanding how hypnosis works may make it more difficult for some persons to become hypnotized for fear of ‘surrendering their will’. These same persons should have no difficulty hypnotizing themselves, however, after learning the procedure.
It is usually estimated that 90-95 percent of adults may achieve some level of hypnosis, with 25-40 percent capable of being led into a deep sonambulistic trance. Persons that can be hypnotized this deeply may be commanded to sleep or even dream at will. Persons who do not make for good candidates are the mentally handicapped and children under the age of ten or twelve.
These persons lack enough focused attention for the hypnotist to ‘capture’. The hypnotists job is to shut down or short circuit the subjects ability or desire to persist in the exercise of reason (and consequently, the internal dialogue). By way of example, the hypnotist usually request that the subject closes his or her eyes and focuses solely on the sound of their voice. The hypnotist uses a smooth and monotone voice as well as a rehearsed script or several scripts skillfully pieced together. They begin with suggestions so as not to arouse resentment. They might start by saying, ‘I want you to take a deep breath, hold it.. and let it out’ He then guides the subject to breathe more slowly and deeply. This decreases mental activity and puts the person into an altered state of relaxation not unlike that which precedes a persons going to sleep.
The hypnotist gradually moves from making suggestions to making statements of fact. ‘You are now more relaxed. Your limbs are beginning to feel heavy. You have no desire to move them whatsoever. The darkness is soothing. It makes you want to just slump down in your chair and let go further.’ A stage hypnotist usually begins the show by running through a few test exercises which facilitate his choosing the most suggestible subjects. The suggestions that the hypnotist gives are timed to coincide with whatever bio-feedback he is able to pick up. If he sees that your eyelids are drooping or beginning to blink more often then he says, ‘it’s becoming more difficult to keep your eyes open’, etc.
When you are hypnotizing yourself you won’t need to be practiced at reading another person’s body language. The suggestions that you make will coincide exactly with your current state of relaxation. If you are a person capable of achieving a sonambulistic trance then it will be possible for you to enter into a lucid dream directly from a state of self-hypnosis.
The only procedure is to bring yourself closer to the world of dreams by becoming increasingly relaxed. When you get close enough you will either enter into a lucid dream or lapse into the ordinary dreams which accompany normal sleep. If this procedure gives you any difficulty, self-hypnosis may yet avail your cause. After entering into the deepest state of relaxation possible, give yourself a clear and explicit directive to have more lucid dreams more often. This is known as a post-hypnotic suggestion and may prove quite useful.
If the idea of self-hypnosis just doesn’t rub you right, then consider making a waking suggestion. Just before releasing yourself to sleep, re-iterate your desire to experience a lucid dream. Make plans to take some particular action in the world of dreams.
As a child I went though a phase during which I had to contend almost nightly with nightmares. Like most boys, my nightmares generally revolved around large animals, a monster or beast. In order to combat these nightmares I intentionally went to sleep thinking about all of the super powers that I would like to possess; like being invisible, able to fly or stop time. This pre-sleep imagination enabled me to take control more often of the dreams that followed. After these self-suggestions more of my dreams tended to be pleasant or benign.
Similarly, by imagining yourself becoming lucid in dreams before going to sleep it is likely that you will increase the odds of your actually doing so.
By effort of will you may also attempt to focus on the hypnagogic imagery and sounds which precede the initial stage of dreaming sleep. The task is to pay attention to your ‘slide to the underside’. The conscious internal dialogue that we maintain begins to shift and give way to the subconscious conversations that the conscious self will not remember. It is especially useful at this time to clear the mind of all thought… then anything that pops into your head will be from the subconscious and recognized as such.
To maintain lucidity from the passage between awake to dreaming, there must remain a small seed of unperturbed consciousness. In order for sleep and dreams to come, the seed (initially, at least) must not be too large, nor can it be sending out roots in order to grasp or affect the events unfolding around it. If the seed of consciousness can be maintained while the rudimentary hypnagogic images shape themselves into more fully formed images, then dreaming lucidity will be achieved.
Since a portion of the mind continually monitors the environment surrounding the physical body even while asleep and adream, there are physical maneuvers which may be employed toward the end of gaining lucidity as well.
Arm Raised – For this maneuver a person should be tired, but not unduly so. Prior to going to sleep the person lies flat on their back with one arm raised off the bed from the elbow up (the forearm is raised vertically while the elbow still rests on the bed). The person asserts to themselves that though it is alright to fall asleep, that they will maintain the 90 degree angle of the arm raised in the air. When a person accomplishes the task of dreaming with their forearm raised, they will have successfully forced a greater degree of lucidity (or consciousness) to accompany them into the world of dreams. They will be remembering the physical self even as they dream and will gain greater knowledge of the dreaming state.
Sitting Position – Many persons attempting to experience a lucid dream have success with the maneuver of sitting upright. A person need only resolve to fall asleep while remaining in an upright position. The difficulty that one has in keeping the arm raised or remaining in an upright position usually occurs with the onset of the hypnagogic imagery, the shift from conscious to subconscious mind. Persons may find themselves distracted to the point of not being able to fall asleep or of being continually reawoken as their arm or head begins to fall. Others may simply lose focus and drift into sleep after allowing their arm to fall back down.
Persons who are having a difficult time falling asleep with their arm raised shouldn’t have as much difficulty falling asleep, if they are truly tired, while sitting upright with their back against a wall. Use pillows as necessary to support the lower back and neck. The uniqueness of the sitting position is likely to work itself into the dreams which follow to such an extent that the person is forced to remember the physical self and realize that they are experiencing a dream.
State Checking – Steps may be taken during normal wakefulness in effort to affect your sleep and dreams. The aim is to increase the likelihood of asking yourself, “Is what I am currently experiencing a dream?” Some persons attempt to make a habit of asking themselves this question throughout the day in hopes that this ‘script’ will eventually carry over into their dreaming lives. You may take this exercise a step further by purchasing a cheap watch (or an expensive one as suits your tastes) which emits a small beep or chirp every hour on the hour. Every time that you hear the beep you must make the effort to briefly pause, gather your wits, concentrate your powers of discrimination and then ask the all important question, “Dreaming or Awake?”
Picking up the habit and successfully carrying it over into the world of dreams isn’t completely foolproof. We spend so much time treating dreams as if they were a physical (waking) reality that we may continue to believe the illusion even after the pause of self reflection. However, the likelihood of answering correctly the ‘dreaming or awake’ question grows exponentially after we remember to be aware of it as an issue of contention.
If it is possible for you to do so, set a watch to make the single beep every 90 minutes throughout the day. The significance of the 90 minute interval is that it roughly equates to the lapse of time that takes place between REM (dreaming) periods of sleep. Most persons pass through around five dreaming sessions each night. Each dreaming session is generally longer than the one that preceded it.
A person may also use a wristwatch with an alarm function to wake themselves every 90 minutes throughout the night. Upon awakening it is likely that they will remember at least a portion of the dream that was interrupted, thereby increasing dream recall.
One Eastern belief suggests that this is more than just a rude awakening.
Some persons believe that the spirit leaves the body in its nightly travels and that if a person is startled or awoken too quickly that the spirit may become confused or lost and unable to return to its physical form. Personally, I always find waking up to an alarm clock harsh enough once per night and wouldn’t subjugate myself to this type of treatment. But death or a ‘loss of spirit’ aren’t likely to result. Even so, persons now have the option of utilizing a clock which awakens them with soft and pleasant sounds or a soft glowing light that grows ever brighter. Not being a morning person, I can appreciate taking a few moments to shift from dreams to the waking world. As an interesting aside, the artist Dali referred to his work as “hand-painted dream photographs” and would sleep with an intense light on in order to heighten the visual intensity of his dreams.
If you find losing a bit of sleep or wearing a wristwatch abhorant, then you may attempt to form a statechecking habit without their aide. Once every one and half hours or so throughout the day try to examine one or both of your hands in great detail while asking yourself, ‘Are these my physical hands or my dreaming hands?’ It isn’t enough to just remember to ask the question, it must be followed by a detailed inspection. The reason being that in dreams we often have difficulty duplicating the minute intricacies of a physical object. Like trying to read a book in your dreams, the words are liable to shift and jumble around on the page. A few seconds of examination will make it difficult for you to ‘explain away’ any variation that you may see from one moment to the next.
Just as waking preoccupations eventually make their way into our dreams, so too, will an intentionally formed habit of state-checking.
If you do not wish to be a creature of habit, then there is a variation on this theme which doesn’t require any intentional preoccupation. A person not used to wearing jewelry can dress themselves in either a ring or a necklace just prior to going to sleep. A ring may be preferable if you wish to avoid dreams in which you are being strangled or choked, but also isn’t quite as effective. It is likely that at some point during the night the jewelry will affect a dream that you are having.
The trick will be to remember the actual cause rather than explaining it away or incorporating it into the dream without further attention. Just as when your clothing or bedding become too tight, hot or restrictive – your inclination will be to assume that the dream itself is the cause of your discomfort.
If this isn’t working for you, then try supplementing the tactic by wearing a piece of “dream jewelry” while you are awake.. in the same place that you wear the real physical jewelry while you are asleep. Throughout the day periodically recall the position of the imagination jewelry, envisioning it in as much detail as possible.
Before going to bed mentally remove the imagination jewelry and put on the real thing. As you come to recall the presence of the imagined jewelry in the waking world, so too, may you increase your recall of the real physical artifact amidst otherwise ordinary dreams.
Another way to influence your dreams with an item from the waking world would be to go and and purchase (or mail order) a ‘dream mask’. The DreamLight, as it is called, consists of a mask that covers the eyes with built in flashing red L.E.D. lights that activate with the onset of REM sleep. After incorporating the flashing red lights into your dreams as UFO’s or cars going past on a busy road, it is likely you will remember that the effect is from the mask and that you are dreaming, thereby inducing lucidity.
If you goal is to increase dream recall and lucidity then you may also choose to suffer the inconvenience of causing yourself to rise from bed several times each night out of natural necessity. By drinking ‘pee water’ (water whose only purpose is to cause you to rise from bed several times each night in order to piss) just before going to bed, you are assured that you will need to rise to full consciousness at least once during the night. Your need to relieve yourself will introduce itself without fail into the dream. And so, when you dream that you need to take a piss, you will have the opportunity to realize that you are in fact dreaming.
This practice may be more trouble than it is worth, especially for men – who become engorged when they dream and upon awakening will need to find some way to make water south of the border. (Time to practice the control of blood flow!)
Women, also, become engorged with blood in the nether regions during dreaming but won’t have a particularly difficult time relieving themselves thereafter. Members of at least one Native American Indian tribe used a similar trick to achieve wakefulness throughout the night and so that they would rise (of necessity) early in the morning before a war party could sneak up on them unawares.
What you must not do is drink any sort of alcoholic beverage before going to bed. While one drink may help some persons to fall asleep, any more will wreak havoc on your ability to have pleasant or normal dreams what-so-ever.
Drugs and alcohol taken when a person should be going to sleep lead toward ‘..the dark and tasteless after hours that constitute premature bliss on more hellish days’. The dreams that result will very likely be unpleasant or even nightmarish. While a person might make some argument for the use of drugs in the waking world, drugs do no belong in the world of dreams.
In dreams, all states of mind and being are already readily available. They await only personal preference and the choice that we must make with free will. The ability to recall that we may exercise this option in our dreams may be strengthened by our resolve or determination (willpower).
We may increase willpower through the practice of ‘clear-minded’ meditation. Lengthening the amount of time spent in meditation is akin to stretching the mental muscle.
Meditation also conserves energy such that it may be redeployed as the energy which is required to change the course of our dreams.
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