Even a drawn enviroment like the anime one can be perceived tridimensionaly, with its width, height and depth. You can discern what is nearer to the screen and what is further, and if the camera moves forward, the objects that were far will become bigger.
I suggest that you look for Filippo Brunelleschi. Before his perspectiva artificialis, it was very hard for artists to draw a credible, tridimensional enviroment, even if they could draw perfectly detailed faces and objects. You can see it in in this famous Van Eyck's painting, which is greatly detailed, but it gives the sensation that the characters are trying to not fall in that steep floor, and there is something strange about that sofa at the back, as if no one's hindquarters would fit there.
Now look at this other one, by Andrea Mantegna. It's much less detailed, but it gives an actual, fair sensation of tridimensionality, thanks to Brunelleschi's perspective.
This method of achieving a realistic proporcionality and depth was perfected later by Da Vinci's aerial perspective.
Thanks to those techniques, you can look at a painting, drawing or picture and, even though it's actually a bidimensional image, you can not only see its width and height, but also its depth. You see three dimensions. Even more if we are talking about an animated tv show, in which the camera moves and the perspective changes.
A good example of a drawn but tridimensional, moving and animated enviroment may be Okami. It's a game in which graphics are drawn, as you can see here, but you can move in the three dimensions, and even rotate the camera. So, an anime dream may be seen like that.
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