Well, here's my own theory on time dilation.
First off, I would like to cite a study done by LaBerge and co. that was exactly for this. In the study, individuals were taught a signal to make with their eyes that would indicate that they were lucid dreaming (in case you didn't know, eyes are one of the only parts of the body not paralyzed during sleep). While dreaming, the participants would count to ten, indicating when they started and stopped. Then, they would wait for what they thought was ten seconds without counting, again indicating when they started and stopped. The result: both were about the same and both were approximately ten seconds.
So, we can safely say that for most individuals, time is experienced normally in a dream, unless there was a major flaw in the test. Well then, what makes time dilation work? It's because sense of time is like any other thing; an experience created by our brain. Now, I firmly believe that reality does exist and that time really does move at a fixed rate in real life. If this is true, then the passage of time is merely in our perception, and there are several things that affect our sense of time. There is one in particular (and most relevant to what has been discussed) that I like to call the montage effect. In a movie, a character has to train for a fight, and we see short clips of important parts of his training. When he is finally ready to conquer whatever foes there may be, several months might have elapsed, but only three minutes of movie time.
Here's how it might manifest itself in a dream: Say you're trying to find an object in your dream. You know you need it to progress somewhere, and hours later you finally find it. Now let's say you could watch your dream like a film: after realizing you need the object, you go in search of it. Now, key scenes from your exploration sort of blur in and out, until it shows the part where you find it. Only ten seconds have passed of real time. However, because sense of time is created by the brain, and because you are convinced that it took a long time, your brain makes you feel like it did take a long time.
In my dreams I'm rarely lucid, but here's the funny thing: I'm almost always conscious of the fact that these montages happen. For example, if I'm running through all these rooms of a house to get out, upon waking up I distinctly remember that I only saw scenes of my run through the house--through a den, down a hall, through another room and then I'm outside, even though I feel like it took longer--and I am aware that it wasn't one continuous experience. It's weird.
That's my theory, and I'm sticking to it.
Please debate. I'm interested in what people have to say.
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