I'll take a shot at this topic (only skimmed the last page of responses). First, I can think of one way in which time (or more specifically the past and future) isn't real. It's a very simple argument, and goes a little something like this:
For something to be real, it must be (or exist)
By definition, the past is that which has ceased to be (or exist)
By definition, the future is that which has yet to be (or exist)
Therefore, neither the past nor the future is real (or existent). If it were, it'd be considered the present. Or in other words, the concept of "existence" is intrinsically present tense. Even the word "is" is intrinsically present tense, and by definition, the word "is" describes what exists.
Think about it. That which was existent (but isn't existent anymore) is qualified as such by the word "was". Similarly, that which will be existent (but isn't existent right now) is qualified as such by the word "will". But you see, as soon as you try to make either the past or future existent, it instantaneously becomes present tense.
Simply put, nothing can exist unless it does so in the present. Since the past and the future are inherently non-present tense, they inherently cannot exist (because if they did exist, they could no longer be considered the past nor the future.) And since the distinction between past, present, and future is what makes time a viable notion, if neither the past nor present is real then the concept of time (at least in terms of past, present, and future) cannot be real either. And this is simply because the validity of the notion of time depends on the existence of 3 things, two of which are inherently non-existent.
Anywho, back to the issue of time travel. Assuming quantum mechanics is valid, history will play out differently each time its repeated...even in identical circumstances. Here's a simple way to look at it:
Lets say this is the circumstance for an event: If A, then 20% chance of B, 5% chance of C, 13% chance of D, 2% chance of E, and 60% chance of F. This is a rough approximation of what is going on the quantum level.
The first time around, under those circumstances, A may have caused F. But if it were to be repeated under identical circumstance (20% chance of B, 5% chance of C, 13% chance of D, 2% chance of E, and 60% chance of F), any of those possible outcomes could happen. Honestly, I don't know how changes such as this would translate into events we would be aware of (like perhaps wearing a yellow t-shirt on a day you originally wore a blue t-shirt). But since everything that happens in this universe is ultimately determined by quantum factors, you can expect some changes, and perhaps huge changes as different outcomes (even if small at first) allow for a whole new world of alternate and non-original possibilities to be realized. And those alternate possibilities would spawn even more alternate ones, and in an exponential fashion, history would veer in a different direction than the first time around.
Small differences at first, but unfathomable changes over time.
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