What you are describing is pretty much what is currently going on with computers. In fact, you are basically describing the technological singularity in which super smart computers program them self to be smarter and smarter until you hit a point where it is so rapid that no one has any idea what may happen. The only difference is instead of computers you are talking about doing it to our brains.

I think it is pretty much a given. We are not going to want to be left behind by super intelligent robots so obviously people will start upgrading their brains as well. Eventually the line between a computer based life form, and a human one might blur, and we might even become robots our self.